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George John Romanes (1848-94), considered by The Times to be 'the biological investigator upon whom in England the mantle of Mr. Darwin has most conspicuously descended', wrote this influential work on the evolution of the mental faculties of animals in 1883. The two scientists were close friends, and Darwin gave Romanes his notes on psychology to use in his studies. Much of the book is devoted to instinct, and contained in the appendix is a posthumous essay by Darwin on the subject, originally intended for a later edition of On the Origin of Species. Romanes' method of using anecdotal evidence over empirical research has been criticised, but this book stands as an influential work in the history of evolutionary biology; it was followed in 1888 by his Mental Evolution in Man (also reissued in this series), which discussed some of the most important issues of nineteenth-century evolutionary psychology.

The Interactions Between Instinct and Intellect and its Impact on Human Behavior Length: 420 Pages Mark Abraham came to America as a student in 1973 bent on finding the hidden causes of perpetual human conflicts. He devoted 25 years of his postgraduate studies to understand the mind and has discovered that a growing imbalance in every human mind dominates all aspects of human conduct that also includes human conflicts. This discovery took him far beyond his original quest and unveiled a few major human mysteries. For example, we learn that the inner contradictions between instincts and intellect create the psychology of spirituality that finds reflection in different religions. It also shows what renders humans incurably political and why Aristotle called man political animal. We learn what in the mind longs for art and also sport. As this stance also shows why of all beings humans alone are at the same time polygamous and monogamous that renders our species alone, sexually confused and much more. Three human instincts are universally accepted, and Mark has identified 14 more each of which drives its own brand of behavior more forcefully than does our intellect. Ignoring this mental force had created a missing link in studying humans that is responsible for the persisting human enigma. Placing this missing link in its rightful place in the equation of studying human reveals that the contrasting natures of the progressing intellect and stagnant instincts have resulted in a growing imbalance in the mind. Our stagnant instincts impair our intelligence, hinder our success and happiness and also are responsible for all manmade disasters. However, because of its subtle nature it continues to escape attention. This work shows how to disengage your instincts and intellect, boost your intelligence and happiness. This is a unifying theory of the mind that deals with all these subjects and a great deal more covered in six books.

This extensively illustrated two-volume treatise, published in 1835, is one of a series commissioned by the Royal Society with funds bequeathed by the Earl of Bridgewater. William Kirby (1759-1850), Cambridge graduate, country parson and respected entomologist, here combines the study of the word of God with that of his works, aiming to disprove Lamarck's hypothesis that all the works of creation can be attributed to second causes, rather than a first cause, i.e. God. Kirby agrees with philosophers' objections to superstitious and bigoted adherence to the letter of scripture, but questions their lack of attention to its spirit. He explores the creation of animals in a spiritual context, and goes on to consider the functions and instincts of the major animal groups. Volume 2 includes chapters on insects, fish, reptiles, birds and mammals. This book contributed to the intellectual debates that formed the background to Darwin's work on evolution.